Large course, practical classes
Providing students in large classes with help in report writing.
We believe that it is essential that students are introduced to key generic attributes, such as writing skills, as part of the curriculum in first year, so that they appreciate their integral nature within the discipline. Despite having very large cohorts of students in first year biology (n=1700), we require all students to write lab reports during the first year biology courses. As part of our Writing in Biology program we have provided time during lab classes for discussions of writing, for peer review of practice reports and for getting staff feedback on draft reports. We also run discussion sessions online during the time that lab reports are being written, but generally students are preparing their reports alone.
We have therefore developed a web site to model the various aspects of report writing in biology. This website allows students to
The website covers information about: the overall structure of the report; the title; the introduction; the methods; the results; the discussion; and the references. Each section uses short interactive exercises to encourage the student to gain a better understanding of the structure of a report.
Students are made aware of the site during lab discussions and through their lab manuals and notes. Ongoing evaluations of the Writing Program, over the past five years, indicate that students access the website while writing and find it useful.
We plan to augment the information available for students by posting more model examples of 'good' and 'could be improved' written work. We also need to find ways of helping students who do not understand the ways in which concepts of cohesion and structuring of texts characterise scientific writing. These students require more detailed modelling and explanations of what makes good writing. We are currently trialling some explanatory online materials in our Self Assessment Modules [see Peat 2]. These additions show students a range of written answers to exam type questions with comments and marks allocated, and demonstrations of how they could be improved.
References
Taylor, C.E. & Drury, H. (1996). Teaching writing skills in a first year biology course. In: Different Approaches: theory and practice in higher education. 19 864-869.
Drury, H. and Taylor, C.E. (1996). The integration of content and communication skills: changing teaching philosophy in first year science. Teaching Communication skills in a technological era 2 137-145.
Drury, H. (2004) Teaching academic writing on screen: a search for best practice. In Ellis R. and Ravelli L.(Eds.) Analysing academic writing pp. 233-253. London: Continuum.
Peat, M., Taylor, C.E. and Franklin, S. (2005). Supporting learning in large undergraduate cohorts through IT based feedback In: C. McLoughlin and A. Taji (Eds.) Teaching in the Sciences: Learner-centred approaches. pp157-177 NY USA: Haworth Press.